Intrauterine Device (IUD): Long-term, Hormone-free Birth Control with High Effectiveness

Article by Dr. Thitiporn Tangviwatthanapanich: General Practitioner, Sexologist, Founder of Clitoria Clinic

An Intrauterine Device (IUD) is a long-term birth control method that is popular worldwide.

It comes in two types: copper IUDs, which are hormone-free,

and hormonal IUDs that release progestin.

Both work by preventing sperm from fertilizing an egg.

It is suitable for those who want contraception for several years without the worry of taking daily pills.

An IUD is a small, T-shaped device placed inside the uterus,

with a lifespan ranging from 3 to 10 years, depending on the type.

Types of IUDs

• Copper IUD (Hormone-free) 

  • Mechanism of Action:
    
    • Releases copper ions into the uterine cavity.
      
    • Copper ions are toxic to sperm, impairing their motility and ability to fertilize an egg.
      
    • Alters the uterine lining, making it unsuitable for embryo implantation.
    • Available in versions lasting 5 or 10 years.

• Hormonal IUD

  • Mechanism of Action :
    
    • Continuously releases a low dose of progestin into the uterine cavity.
    • Thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus.
    • Thins the uterine lining, reducing the chance of embryo implantation.
      
    • Reduces menstrual flow and menstrual cramps.
    • Effective for up to 5 years.

Advantages

• Highly effective (over 99%).
• Provides long-term protection for several years.
• Does not interfere with sexual activity.
• Safe to use while breastfeeding.
• Can be removed anytime if pregnancy is desired; copper IUD users can try to conceive immediately after removal.

Precautions and Side Effects

• May cause heavier periods (copper IUD).
• Pelvic cramps during the first few days after insertion.
• Risk of infection if proper hygiene is not maintained.

IUD Insertion Procedure

The doctor will take your medical history, perform a pelvic exam, and recommend the most suitable type of IUD.

Insertion takes only a few minutes and may involve local anesthesia or pain relief beforehand.

Post-Insertion Care

• Avoid sexual intercourse, tampons, or menstrual cups for 1 week.
• If you experience severe pain, high fever, or abnormal bleeding, consult a doctor immediately.

Doctors Advice

IUDs are a safe and convenient birth control method but should be inserted by a qualified physician.

Annual check-ups are recommended to ensure proper placement and function.

Clitoria Sexual Health Clinic offers IUD insertion for birth control.

Type: Copper IUD (hormone-free)
Effectiveness: Provides contraception for up to 5 years
Price: 2,890 THB (inclusive of medication and doctors fee)

Consult our medical team at Clitoria Clinic, Phetkasem 81

Tel: 081-116-3788

Line OA: @dr.clitoria

IUD, birth control, copper IUD, hormonal IUD, Clitoria Clinic